proso millet meaning in gujarati

Millet grows rapidly and can be grazed 5–7 weeks after sowing, when it is 20–30 cm high. Fields marked with an asterisk (*) are required. [29] Millets are not only adapted to poor, droughty, and infertile soils, but they are also more reliable under these conditions than most other grain crops.

The plant can quickly come to head, so it must be managed accordingly because as the plant matures, the value and palatability of feed reduces. However, the domesticated varieties have often spread well beyond their initial area. Prussic acid poisons animals by inhibiting oxygen utilisation by the cells and is transported in the blood around the body — ultimately the animal will die from asphyxia. Millets are indigenous to many parts of the world. It is a common ingredient in seeded bread. As it begins to ferment, the hulls loosen, making it easier to thresh. [30], In 2016, global production of millet was 28.4 million tonnes, led by India with 36% of the world total (table). People affected by gluten-related disorders, such as coeliac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity and wheat allergy sufferers,[34][35][36] who need a gluten-free diet, can replace gluten-containing cereals in their diets with millet. The nutritional value in the cooked form depends on the cooking method.

All are members of the family Poaceae (the grasses) but can belong to different tribes or even subfamilies. [2] The crop is favored due to its productivity and short growing season under dry, high-temperature conditions. Other countries in Africa where millets are a significant food source include Ethiopia, Nigeria and Uganda. Lambs do better on millet compared to sorghum. There has been cooperation between poor countries to improve millet yields. More and more people have started using millets and they are not yet popular by their English names rather the regional names.

266 Beacon Street, Suite 1 Raw millet is 9% water, 73% carbohydrates, 4% fat and 11% protein (table). Specialized archaeologists called palaeoethnobotanists, relying on data such as the relative abundance of charred grains found in archaeological sites, hypothesize that the cultivation of millets was of greater prevalence in prehistory than rice,[9] especially in northern China and Korea.

Like most other whole grains, millet can also be purchased in different forms such as flakes or flour, as well as intact grains. It’s widely grown in India, where it’s called ragi. ), https://oll.libertyfund.org/titles/1091#Hesiod_0606_290, https://archive.org/details/enquiryintoplant01theouoft/page/78, Cloud Server Hosting For Online Businesses, Benefits of Wanting to play Free Online Slot machines, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, ICAR-Indian Institute of Millets Research, List of top international rankings by country. Millet is a C4 plant, which means that it has good water-use efficiency and utilizes high temperature and is therefore a summer crop. The breed has significantly enhanced yields in Mauritania and Benin. [11][12], Palaeoethnobotanists have found evidence of the cultivation of millet in the Korean Peninsula dating to the Middle Jeulmun pottery period (around 3500–2000 BCE). [3] The most widely grown millet is pearl millet, which is an important crop in India and parts of Africa. Get health information, news and recipes by subscribing to our monthly newsletter. Millets (/ˈmɪlɪts/)[1] are a group of highly variable small-seeded grasses, widely grown around the world as cereal crops or grains for fodder and human food. Millet is also an important food item for the population living in the drier parts of many other countries, especially in eastern and central Africa, and in the northern coastal countries of western Africa.

It’s widely grown in India, where it’s called ragi. On a per-hectare basis, millet grain production can be 2–4 times higher with use of irrigation and soil supplements. India. [4] Finger millet, proso millet, and foxtail millet are also important crop species. Raw forms, however, are not edible and cannot be fully digested. Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030, Telangana. Farmers can wait until sufficient late spring / summer moisture is present and then make use of it. Instead of letting the plant reach maturity, it can be grazed by stock and is commonly used for sheep and cattle.

[25] Hesiod describes that "the beards grow round the millet, which men sow in summer. A 100-gram (3 1⁄2-ounce) reference serving of raw millet (Panicum miliaceum or proso millet) provides 1,580 kilojoules (378 kilocalories) of food energy and is a rich source (20% or more of the Daily Value, DV) of protein, dietary fiber, several B vitamins and numerous dietary minerals, especially manganese at 76% DV (USDA nutrient table). Ragi, as it is popularly known, is dark in color like rye, but rougher in texture. Fields marked with an asterisk (*) are required. In the Sahel region, millet is estimated to account for about 35 percent of total cereal food consumption in Burkina Faso, Chad and the Gambia. It’s also grown in the southern United States, largely as pasture.

Millets are important crops in the semiarid tropics of Asia and Africa (especially in India, Mali, Nigeria, and Niger), with 97% of millet production in developing countries. The Japanese millets (Echinochloa esculenta) are considered the best for grazing and in particular Shirohie, a new variety of Japanese millet, is the best suited variety for grazing. Millets, however, do respond to high fertility and moisture. [14] Millets and their wild ancestors, such as barnyard grass and panic grass, were also cultivated in Japan during the Jōmon period some time after 4000 BCE. These must be prepared and cooked as appropriate for human consumption. [32] Millet is also the base ingredient for the distilled liquor rakshi.[32]. Millets are also used as bird and animal feed.

[24], Millet was growing wild in Greece as early as 3000 BCE, and bulk storage containers for millet have been found from the Late Bronze Age in Macedonia and northern Greece. Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) ... flat bread (rotla in Gujarati, bhakri in Marathi, or roti in other languages).

[13] Millet continued to be an important element in the intensive, multicropping agriculture of the Mumun pottery period (about 1500–300 BCE) in Korea. [20], Pearl millet was domesticated in the Sahel region of West Africa, where its wild ancestors are found. 'Okashana 1' was then introduced to Chad. In Germany, it is also eaten sweet, boiled in water with apples added during the boiling process and honey added during the cooling process. In developing countries outside Africa, millet has local significance as a food in parts of some countries, such as China, India, Burma and North Korea.[3]. The highest feed value is from the young green leaf and shoots. Finger millet gets its name from the hand-like arrangement of its pannicles. Indian Institute of Millets Research(IIMR) All India Coordinated Research Project on Sorghum, ICAR-IIMR, Hyderabad bagged the prestigious "Chaudhary Devi Lal Outstanding All India Coordinated Research Project Award 2019" during ICARs 92nd Foundation Day celebrations held on 16 July, 2020. From there it was taken to Namibia, where it was released in 1990 and enthusiastically adopted by farmers. They are highly tolerant of drought and other extreme weather conditions and have a similar nutrient content to other major cereals.[6]. Millets are major food sources in arid and semiarid regions of the world, and feature in the traditional cuisine of many others. [15], Chinese myths attribute the domestication of millet to Shennong, a legendary Emperor of China, and Hou Ji, whose name means Lord Millet.

The exam pattern, mode and syllabus of the Assistant Examination will be uploaded in website as and when it is decided by ICAR, New Delhi :: Recruitment of Young Professional-I & Young Professional–II one each. [24] To make it easier while you shop for millets, refer the following table to know what millets are known by in different Indian languages. [23], The cultivation of common millet as the earliest dry crop in East Asia has been attributed to its resistance to drought,[10] and this has been suggested to have aided its spread. Eragrostideae tribe in the subfamily Chloridoideae: Paniceae tribe in the subfamily Panicoideae: Andropogoneae tribe also in the subfamily Panicoideae: The various species called millet were initially domesticated in different parts of the world most notably East Asia, South Asia, West Africa, and East Africa. Glossary of Grains, cereal and flour in English, Hindi, Gujarati, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu and Malayalam.

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