jeanne baret map

The first English-language biography of Baret, by John Dunmore, was not published until 2002, and then only in New Zealand. Jeanne Baret was born on July 27, 1740, in the village of La Comelle in the Burgundy region of France. [57][58] While over seventy species are named in honor of Commerson, only one, Solanum baretiae, honors Baret. [17][18] Her child, born in December 1764, was given the name Jean-Pierre Baret. [54][55], Commerson named many of the plants he collected after friends and acquaintances. Commerson was delighted to find that his old friend and fellow botanist Pierre Poivre was serving as governor on the island, and Commerson and Baret remained behind as Poivre's guests. "Les testaments de Jeanne Barret, premiére femme à fair le tour de la terre, et de son époux périgordin Jean Dubernat." Commerson's leg was still troubling him, and Baret seems to have done much of the actual labor, carrying supplies and specimens. One of them, a tall shrub with dark green leaves and white flowers that he found on Madagascar, he named Baretia bonafidia. Her family was poor. 1 Since she grew up in a rural area, Baret became skilled at gathering and learning about different plants. But Commerson's name for this genus did not survive, as it had already been named by the time his reports reached Paris;[56] it is currently known as Turraea. [30] There they set out on expeditions to the surrounding plains and mountains. How to Use the Map After opening the map, click the icon to … [citation needed], In addition to Bougainville's published account, Baret's story figures in three other surviving memoirs of the expedition: a journal kept jointly by Commerson and Pierre Duclos-Guyot; a journal by the Prince of Nassau-Siegen, a paying passenger on the Boudeuse; and a memoir by François Vivès, a surgeon on the Étoile. This island, known as Isle de France, was then an important French trading station. [53], She died in Saint-Aulaye on August 5, 1807, at the age of 67. She refused to name the father of her child, but historians do not doubt that it was Commerson and that it was Commerson who had also made the arrangements with the lawyer and witnesses on her behalf. Baret is recognized as the first woman to have completed a voyage of circumnavigation of the globe.[1][2]. [21][22] His appointment allowed him a servant, paid as a royal expense, but women were completely prohibited on French navy ships at this time. One of her biographers, Glynis Ridley, suggests that her mother might have been of Huguenot extraction, a group that had a higher tradition of literacy than was otherwise typical of the peasant classes of the time. Here Baret accompanied Commerson on the most troublesome excursions over rugged terrain and gained a reputation for courage and strength. Jeanne Baret didn't set out to be the first woman to circumnavigate the globe when she stepped aboard the Etoile in 1766. To avoid scrutiny, she was to join the expedition immediately before the ship sailed, pretending to be a stranger to Commerson. The Amazing Feat of Jeanne Baret. [26] This gave Baret significantly more privacy than she would have had otherwise on board the crowded ship. [62] However, Ridley's biography has also been highly criticized by some reviewers for its reliance on improbable chains of speculation that are not corroborated by any other primary or secondary sources. [15][16], Shortly afterwards, Baret and Commerson moved together to Paris, where she continued in the role of his housekeeper. [56][63] New research[64][65] by French researchers has provided clearer archival information on Jeanne Barret's life as well as a new biography by Danielle Clode, In Search of the Woman who Sailed the World, published in 2020. It is likely that she accompanied him in plant-collecting on Madagascar and Bourbon Island in 1770–1772. 2017. Baret gave the child up to the Paris Foundlings Hospital. She enlisted as valet and assistant to the expedition's naturalist, Philibert Commerçon (anglicized as Commerson), shortly before Bougainville's ships sailed from France. Born in 1740 in France’s Loire Valley, Jeanne Baret overcame her poverty-stricken childhood to circumnavigate the globe before any other woman in recorded history and play a … [citation needed], Surviving accounts of the expedition differ on when Baret's gender was first discovered. [23] At some point, the idea of Baret disguising herself as a man in order to accompany Commerson was conceived. It was necessary to return her to the ship to protect her from the excited Tahitians. [47][48] Jeanne brought a small fortune to her marriage, presumably from the tavern and perhaps other business ventures she ran on the island. [43][44], On Mauritius, Baret continued in her role as Commerson's assistant and housekeeper. Baret's certificate, from August 1764, survives; it was filed in a town 30 kilometres (19 mi) away and witnessed by two men of substance who likewise had travelled a considerable distance from their homes. [24][25] Thus, while the story Baret concocted for Bougainville's benefit to explain her presence on board ship was carefully designed to shield Commerson from involvement, there is clear documentary evidence of their previous relationship, and it is highly improbable that Commerson was not complicit in the plan himself. They were assigned to sail on the storeship, the Étoile. She devoted herself in particular to assisting Mr de Commerson, doctor and botanist, and shared with great courage the labours and dangers of this savant. According to Bougainville's account, Baret was herself an expert botanist. [citation needed], After crossing the Pacific, the expedition was desperately short of food. Her father is identified as a day laborer and seems likely to have been illiterate, as he did not sign the parish register. Bulletin de la Société Historique et Archéologique du Périgord 144:771-82, "Voyaging Through Strange Seas: Four Women Travellers in the Pacific", "A new species of Solanum named for Jeanne Baret, an overlooked contributor to the history of botany", "A Female Explorer Discovered On The High Seas", NPR, December 26, 2010, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jeanne_Baret&oldid=985624356, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2015, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Jean Baret, Jeanne de Bonnefoi, Jeanne Barré, This page was last edited on 27 October 2020, at 00:09. [19][20] (Commerson had left his legitimate son from his marriage in the care of his brother-in-law in Toulon-sur-Arroux and never saw him again in his lifetime.). [49], There is no record of exactly when Baret and her husband arrived in France, thus completing her voyage of circumnavigation. Jeanne Baret unknowingly became the first woman to circumnavigate the globe while working as a botanist collecting and studying plants around the world. [50][51] With this money, she settled with Dubernat in his native village of Saint-Aulaye where they bought property with Jeanne's wealth and lived with both Dubernat and Jeanne's nieces and nephews.[52]. [37][38] Bougainville's account of Baret's unmasking on Tahiti is not corroborated by the other journal accounts of the expedition, although Vivès describes a similar incident in which Baret was immediately pointed out as a woman by the Tahitian Ahu-toru on board the ship. Jeanne Barret et Jean Dubernat, propriétés et familles en Dordogne et en Gironde." [33][34] Commerson, still hampered by his leg injury, referred to Baret as his "beast of burden" on these expeditions. Her first known signature is in 1764, making it more likely she was taught to write by Commerson, perhaps to help him with his work. Other articles appeared only in scholarly journals. But Baret’s love of … From a family of day laborers in the fields of Burgundy, France, she was destined to be poor and never venture farther than 20 miles away. Duclos-Guyot and Nassau-Siegen also recorded that Baret had been discovered to be a woman on New Ireland, but without mentioning details. Baret apparently changed her name to "Jeanne de Bonnefoy" during this period. On July 27, 2020, Google celebrated her 280th birthday with a Google Doodle.[66]. Jeanne Baret ([ʒan ba.ʁɛ]; July 27, 1740 – August 5, 1807) was a member of Louis Antoine de Bougainville's colonial expedition on the ships La Boudeuse and Étoile in 1766–1769. Before leaving Paris, Commerson drew up a will in which he left to "Jeanne Baret, known as de Bonnefoi, my housekeeper", a lump sum of 600 livres along with back wages owed and the furnishings of their Paris apartment. 2019. In April 1776, she received the money that was due to her under Commerson's will after applying directly to the Attorney General. Jeanne Baret unknowingly became the first woman to circumnavigate the globe while working as a botanist collecting and studying plants around the world Click on the world map to view an example of the explorer’s voyage. More recent scholarship has uncovered additional facts and documentation about her life, but much of the new information remained little-known and inaccessible to the general public, particularly outside France. She later told Bougainville that she had been orphaned and lost her fortune in a lawsuit before taking to disguising herself as a man. His financial resources on the island had dwindled, his patron Poivre had been recalled to Paris. Her mother died 15 months after Jeanne was born and her father when she was 15. Disguised as a man, the French botanist was looking for plants. Cahier des Amis de Sainte-Foy 114 (1):15-42. Copyright 2020 © The Mariners' Museum & Park • Feedback • Terms and Privacy • Credits • Web Engineering by 10up, Original "EXPLORATION through the AGES" site, You can view each voyage individually or all at once by clicking on the, Click on either the map icons or on the location name in the expanded column to view more information about that place or event. [45], After Commerson's death, Baret ran a tavern in Port Louis. Because of the vast quantity of equipment Commerson was bringing on the voyage, the ship's captain, François Chenard de la Giraudais, gave up his own large cabin on the ship to Commerson and his "assistant". As soon as she and Commerson landed on shore, Baret was immediately surrounded by Tahitians who cried out that she was a woman. Jeanne Baret joined the expedition disguised as a man, calling herself Jean Baret. [31] In Rio de Janeiro – a much more dangerous place, where the Étoile's chaplain was murdered ashore soon after their arrival – Commerson was officially confined to the ship while his leg healed, but he and Baret nonetheless collected specimens of a flowering vine, which he named Bougainvillea. Modern scholars now believe that Ahu-toru actually thought that Baret was a transvestite, or mahu. In 1785, Baret was granted a pension of 200 livres a year by the Ministry of Marine. In particular, the captain's cabin gave Baret access to private toilet facilities so that she did not have to use the shared head with other members of the crew. Imagined portrait of Jeanne Baret dressed as a sailor, dating from 1817, after her death.

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